An English pilot crossed the Atlantic in the opposite direction from other aviation pioneers and described…
Ela of Salisbury. The Woman Who Ruled Like a Sheriff
An aristocrat from 13th-century England left behind an extraordinary legacy. Ela of Salisbury not only managed…
Agnes of Austria. The Tigress of Kraków
Leopold III the Saint and his daughter Agnes connected Austria with one of Europe’s most important…
Assassination, Betrayal, and Flogging. The Woman Who Refused to Yield
Grzymisława was not merely the wife of Leszek the White. After his tragic death, she had…
A Woman of Character. The Early Years of Gryfina’s Marriage
The early years of the marriage between Leszek the Black and Gryfina were far from easy.…
Why Did a Přemyslid Princess Marry a Pagan from Poland?
The marriage of Mieszko I and Dobrawa was neither a romantic impulse nor a haphazard decision.…
The Woman Who Killed Władysław Spindleshanks
History has known many princes who perished in battle or were betrayed by the powerful. But…
Marriage of Necessity? Leszek the White and the Ruthenian Princess
He didn’t want to get married, but he had to. The nobles of Cracow ordered him…
Who Was the Czech Princess Dobrawa?
Dobrawa was a Czech princess, the wife of Mieszko I, and the mother of Bolesław the…
Maria Josepha – The Last Polish Queen
Polish historiography has written remarkably little about Maria Josepha of Habsburg – the last of the…